Blank
Speech by Heinrich Himmler, Reich Leader (Reichsführer) of the SS of the Nazi party, until 1945 

"... I also want to mention a very difficult subject here before you here, completely openly.  It should be discussed us, and yet, nevertheless, we will never speak about it in public.  Just as we did not hesitate to carry out our duty on June 30 and stand comrades who had failed against the wall and shoot them.  About which we never had spoken and never will speak.  That was, thank God, a kind of tact natural to us, a foregone conclusion of that tact, that we have never conversed about it amongst ourselves, never spoken about it, everyone shuddered, and everyone was clear that the next time, he would do the same thing again, if it were commanded and necessary.  I am talking about the "Jewish evacuation:" the extermination of the Jewish people. It is one of those things that is easily said.  "The Jewish people is being exterminiated," every Party member will tell you, "perfectly clear, it is part of our plans, we're eliminating the Jews, we're exterminating them, ha!, a small matter.  And then along they all come, the 80 million upright Germans, and each one has his decent Jew.  They say, 'All the others are swine, but here is a first-class Jew.'   And none of them has seen it, has endured it.  Most of you will know what it means when 100 bodies lie together, when there are 500, or when there are 1000.  And to have seen this through and -- with the exception of human weaknesses -- to have remained decent, has made us hard and is a page of glory never mentioned and never to be mentioned.  Because we know how difficult things would be, if today in every city during bomb attacks, the burdens of war and the privations, we still had Jews as secret saboteurs, agitators and instigators.  We would probably be at the same state as 1916-17, if the Jews still resided in the body of the German people.  We have taken away the riches that they had, and I have given strict orders...'

Testimony in Support of Senate Bill 229
Senate Budget and Taxation Committee
February  10,  1999

This was a bill sponsored in the Maryland State Legislature by Maryland State Senator Jeanne Roesser, a bill which would exempt Jewish people who received Holocaust reparations from Europe from paying any taxes on these reparations to the State of Maryland.  Malvina was also asked to return to testify for a similar bill in the Maryland House of Delegates.  A bill was passed and signed into law.  At this time, Malvina had not even received one cent in reparations.


Listen to Malvina's Testimony -- 6 minute Audio speech to Annapolis Legislature.
This is the text.


Good afternoon Madam Chairman and committee members.  My name is Malvina Burstein and I am a Holocaust survivor.  I am here to speak in support of this bill.

I am speaking for myself and for those who cannot be here.  I was born in Czechoslovakia and I left,  fled to Budapest until the end of the war.  I was very lucky during the Nazi occupation in Budapest and able to help to save 1,500 lives who live now in Israel.  They survived and live in Israel.

I lived in a small town in Czechoslovakia and when the Nazis arrived in 1938 they took everything away:  my mother owned a restaurant, I owned a millinery store, and my brother owned a jewelry store. There were eight children in my family.  My sister was married to a rabbi and (they) fled the same night the Nazis invaded Czechoslovakia and they left behind all their property.  Another sister lived in Hungary and she had to leave in an half an hour with eight children.  We never saw them again.

The Nazis came into our homes and confiscated our belongings and property -- we had to hand over our money and valuables to the government.  We are still waiting for a receipt!

We lost our stores, our livelihood -- everything we owned -- and the lives of our loved ones.  Other than my brother who escaped to America (in 1939, who joined one sister who arrived in the US in 1922),  I am the only survivor of my whole family (in Europe).

After the war I returned to Czechoslovakia to find my home occupied by the former maid -- no one came back from my whole family.  The maid hit me when I came to get my own house back and said why they didn't kill me with the rest of the family.  She wouldn't allow me to collect any of the family's belongings.

In the 1950's, I asked the Czech government to return my property and valuables.  They refused because I wasn't an American citizen in that time.  And the second time, I was refused because my husband was an economist and he earned too much money.  (He was working, at that time, for the US government.)  The third time, the third time, I was refused because they said I got already the money, and I didn't got anything.

Even if I were to receive compensation today it would never add up to the value of what was lost. Now fifty or sixty years later some survivors are still applying for overdue restitution.  Whatever they would receive today would not amount to profits but a very small piece of their property and why should they have to pay a tax on their belongings that were confiscated during World War II?

In addition, many claims cannot be made because the proofs of ownership of property, or money accounts are no longer retrievable.

With this bill, you are shaping long overdue justice and morality.

Passage of the bill can never bring back the families who were lost, but it will help ease the pain for those of us who survived.
Membership Card:
  JEWISH HOLOCAUST
  SURVIVORS AND FRIENDS
  OF GREATER WASHINGTON

And photo of Malvina after the war.

                                                  Newspaper Articles 

Photos from Europe - before the War
Photos from Europe - after the War
  Trip to Budapest and Trebisov, CZ  -  photos
Postcard of Trebisov. (top) church next to school, (middle) Main Street with stores, (bottom) only two-story bullding at that time in the town.
From Pallerova Photo Shop in Trebisov
A Painted postcard of Trebisov.
Postcard of Kassa (Kosice) Back of Kassa postcard, written by Malvina to Tibor Slezak, signed "Lea." Malvina after the warMalvina after the warSign in the Chamber on Mount Zion in Israel where they commemorate communities lost. The survivors from Trebisov meet in Israel here once a year
Tomas Masaryk, President of Czechoslovakia.
test.
House where Malvina was born, in Paricov.
Malvina's mother, Mali Frieder Grunfeld (on right) standing next to her mother.
Malvina, May 3, 1934 (age 21)
In September '89, my mother and I took a trip to Budapest, Hungary and to her hometown, Trebisov, Czechoslovakia (today, Slovakia). This photo is from the airplane flying into Budapest.These shops are on the esplanade Vaci utca (Vaci Street). My mother was thrilled to see the sign above the store Kalopsalon (Hat Store) where she had worked under that name! Even though now they were selling items of lace!Malvina striding down Vaci utca.Malvina in front of the fancy salon where she had worked during the war, on Vaci utca.Malvina, another pose on Vaci utca, in front of the fancy salon.Malvina walked right over to the buidling where she had walked in WWII. This was the Nazi run government printing office where she went to pick up the false work papers. (I do not know what street it was on.)Malvina standing in the doorway of what had been the Nazi run Hungarian government printing office. The building number is 12 and I do not know the street name. Malvina went there three times and picked up papers. The 4th time, she thought they took too long to answer the bell & she left.A large cinema. Sometimes during the war Malvina went inside just in order not to be on the streets.Malvina in front of a showcase in front of the movie theater. She lived close to this theater for a little while.Malvina at the corner of Dob utca (Dob street). She had worked in a kosher Jewish restaurant at #9 Dob utca during the war. Malvina speaking to someone in front of 9 Dob utca (Dob Street).Even though we had hotel reservations when we left NYC, when we had changed our flight reservatiosn, we also wound up with one night in a hotel. There was a convention and all the rooms were taken except the one room for one night. We stayed in this building in a woman's apartment.Malvina said this courtyard (and preceding photo) were like the building she lived in that was bombed while she was there during the war.A visit across the river to Pest. (One side of the Danube is the Buda side, the other, Pest).A large public area where Malvina used to sometimes meet her friends.?SSziv utca. Malvina had lived on this street during the war. I do not know the address.Sziv utca?We had to register with the police when we were at the woman's apartment. Budapest is a grand city with many large buildings and wide boulevards.A tree with bottles on it.Malvina stopped in this fancy club where she had always wanted to go during the war.Signs remain on the wall of the war. This was close to where she was living during the war. I don't have an address.Coutyard of the building where we stayed.Courtyard of the building where we stayed in a woman's apartment.Looking a a showcase.Another store.We were Malvina sitting on a bench, Budapest.Malvina with a cousin, Marta, who lived in Kosice. We flew into and stayed in Kosice in a hotel. Marta takes us to a place where they have a kosher lunch. Malvina and Marta. Having a kosher lunch. Marta joined us and made arrangements for us to take a taxi to Trebisov.Trebisov - in the cab, driving to TrebisovWhen Malvina had her hat store in Trebisov before the war, she had a friend, the daughter of the non-kosher (non-Jewish) butcher next to her store. We found out she was in Trebisov and knocked on her door. The son greets my mother.Malvina and the son.Garden at the side of their house.Malvina Malvina and the non-kosher butcher's daughter.Malvina in frontMalvina in front of the house.In Trebisov, we go to find my mother's house. The son says her house is there and gets in the taxi with us. They are speaking to the next door neighbor who is on the other side of the fence on my mother's street, of my mother's house, about her house. Malvina takes the neighbor's hands. He is going to take her to the housethe neighborThe backyard of her house -- my SLR camera was you can see The train tracks are elevatedThe train tracks in the backyard where Malvina used to sit and readthe shed in the backyarda shed in the backyard behind the house and chickensMalvina posing at the well in the backyard of the house. This was a new well from her timesMalvina's house had been rebuilt since she lived in Trebisov. This was a view from the back facing the frontMalvina with the neighbor posing in the backyard of her houseA nice view of the backyard with all of those flowers and roses thereThis tall tree had been there when Malvina lived in that house, andSo she took a big bunch of leaves from the treeThe new owner of the house. Don't know his name. Malvina and Miriam in front of the house. When Malvina and her family lived there, the addres was house #1. Now the numbers on the house are 37 and 5, which may explain why she was told the house was not there. Maybe the street named changed also A view of Malvina's streetGypsy girls on the street.On my mother's street. I hadn't realized this was going to be a short trip. I saw these gypsy girls go by and asked if I could take their pictures. I think my mother was very upset seeing "her" house and she was eager to leaveDriving seeing bales of hay or houses?The son of her friend takes Malvina to where her store had been in TrebisovMalvina and her friend's son stand where her store had been, where there is now a blue fenceBehind the blue fence, an empty fieldAcross the street from the store, a park. Malvina wanted a picturePark across the street with a churchMalvina and her friend's son walking away from the storeMy mother and the butcher's grandson walking away from the store
To Listen and Watch:     CLICK LINK  here on the left  (Tape 1, Tape 2, or Tape 3).   When you get to the Musuem website (these link to that website) and you see Malvina,  SELECT  Part 1 of 3,  Part 2 of 3, or Part 3 of 3  (for parts 2 or 3). (You have to wait 45 seconds until the tape begins.)    
Except for sister, Sylvia, and brother, Irwin who came to America (1922 & 1939), Malvina's close family  (mother, brother, sisters & their children, who were alive & stayed in Europe, perished. in WWII..
Postcard - BojnicePostcard - BrnoPostcard - BrnoPostcard - BrnoPostcard - Munchen (Munich)Postcard-ParisPostcard - TrucianskyPostcard - Brno
The Ernie Pyle - Malvina came to America on this ship in September 1947. The passengers were dropped off at a dock in NYC and not at Ellis Island. (although I hadn't known that when I paid to have my mother's name and my father's put on the wall at Ellis Island) Some passengers on the ship signed their names on the back of the Ernie Pyle postcard. First day in Americawas this the first day in America?First day in America, greeted by Sylvia and Irwin and some friends and familyFirst day in AmericaFirst day in America
February, 1939 -- Irwin flees to America on the Queen MaryThe Queen Mary shipFebruary 1939 - I. Grunfeld is Irwin's name on the passenger list. This is the original bookletQueen Mary Passenger List coverIrwin Greenflied served in the US Army, drafted in WWII. He was sent to New Caledonia. He worked as a watchmakerIrwin Greenfield served in the US army. Malvina wrote, "Malvina's Brother"Sylvia, 1940 in New YorkThe previous photo must have been taken at the New York World's Fair in 1940. This is the back of that photographDr. Tibor Slezak (after the war)I think this is the woman who had a job in the same place as Malvina in Budapest and wore a cross
Malvina returned to her hometown, Trebisov, after the war to see if anyone would return. No one returned from her family. She hired a photographer and took pictures. Here is Malvina in front of her house. It was taken over by a maid and she never got her family's house back or the property in itMalvina in back of her house. You can see her by a well in the backyardMalvina sitting in her backyardMalvina next to the store that she and Irwin used. Irwin was a watchmaker and Malvina was a milliner. The sign says, "Izak Grunfeld, Hodinar" (Izak, her brother Irwin, Hodinar is watchmaker)Malvina, on a bridge in TrebisovMalvina and town of Trebisov in background
Malvina not wanting to remain in Europe, registered at a Displaced Person's (DP) Camp in Leipheim, Germany, run by Americans. This photo was from the Holocaust Museum and someone in Leipheim with my mother said this was the in which building Malvina stayedOutside of Munich, Malvina met Artur Boravski and they were engaged to be marriedOn back of photo of Malvina and Artur. Malvina writes to Sylvia and Irwin in America, "This is me lover __(?). He will me married. You like him? He sends the regard greeting to you. And I kiss you very much, MalvinA parade in Leipheim (?) for PalestineMalvina and her cousin were together in the Leipheim DP CampAnother picture of Artur BoravskiMalvinaMalvina and another cousin after the warMalvina in Leipheim DP camp in Germany after the war and her couisn in top right picture
Miriam is designing these web pages, using:
Malvina's sister, Sylvia when she was 79Miriam
Malvina in IsraelMalvina in IsraelMalvina in IsraelMalvina and Miriam at the Kotel Ha'Ma'aravi (The Western Wall)A view from NetanyaA view from NetanyaMalvina, we're having a picnic in Netanya on the amphitheater stepsMalvina, view in NetanyaMalvina and Helenka Frieder (her cousin Emanuel's wife) in front of their home in NetanyaMalvina and her cousin Emanuel and his wife Helenka. A street right by their home is named after Emanuel Frieder in Netanya. Malvina and Miriam at the Wall in JerusalemMalvina with a gentleman in Tel AvivMalvina and Miriam in NetanyaMalvina in IsraelMalvina in Tiberias at the tomb of Moshe Chaim Luzatto, a kabbalist
  Malvina and Miriam travel to Israel, the Holy Land, also
During the war:
   Malvina arrives in America, September 21, 1947:
The Holocaust - state sponsored
  extermination of the Jewish nation
Read and Listen to what Wily Salgo said about Malvina in Hebrew, Hungarian, and Slovak, and translated into English  - not ready yet
Wily Salgo immigrated to Palestine after the war.  He lived in Bnei Brak.  On a visit to Israel, Malvina brought her tape recorder.  Wily spoke into the recorder.  In several languages.
"Kol Hakavod la!"  -   Wily Salgo
Read in English:  not ready
<- Hebrew
Hungarian ->
Click to hear Wily in      Hebrew      Hungarian       Slovak
  not ready yet
  Please submit names of
  the Victims of this
  Nazi Holocaust to
  Yad Vashem in Israel.
They are trying to find the
names of the Six Million.
            click
  Also, Survivors should
  sign up on the Survivors'
  Registry at the US
  Holocaust Memorial
  Museum.

The Yellow Candle burning in my house today, April 19, for the Six Million.The Yellow candle before I lit it.
Yellow Candle lit on Yom
HaShoah (Shoah is the
Hebrew word used for
Holocaust)    click on photos
SEARCH FOR VICTIM’S NAMES   AT YAD VASHEM
http://db.yadvashem.org/names/search.html?language=en

TO SUBMIT A PAGE OF TESTIMONY OF A VICTIM NOT YET IN THE DATABASE TO HELP RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL OUR SIX MILLION WHO PERISHED IN THE HOLOCAUST
(To add to the Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names)
http://db.yadvashem.org/forms/pot/filling/out?language=en

FOR SURVIVOR’S REGISTRY - If you are a Survivor or know a Survivor of the NAZI Holocaust
(Scroll down to select language and download form to submit a Survivor's name.)
http://www.ushmm.org/remembrance/registry/ 

FOR ITS (International Tracing Service) -  Requests may be made online.
www.ushmm.org/resourcecenter/service


  On the Yad Vashem website
  to see the handwritten Page
  of Testimony, click the
  index typed name.   >>>>>>
  To print out the
  written Page of
  Testimony, I had
  to first enlarge it in
  the top right corner
  <<<.
Click below to read Pages of Testimony submitted to Yad VaShem.  On a tour the family took in 1968 to Israel,  I remember how my mother was looking  at the records submitted by her cousin, Emanuel.  She hadn't had time then to write her own pages.  In 1981, she wrote just for her mother and her sister, Helen.  Maybe again she hadn't had time on a tour.  So I am going to submit Pages of Testimony for her family.  I was surprised not to have found everybody.
Malvina's cousin, Emanuel Frieder, wrote the Page of Testimony for Malvina's mother (his aunt, whom he met) in 1956.In 1981 Malvina wrote the Page of Testimony for her mother.Page of Testimony for Berl Weinstein, Malvina's brother-in-law, a cantor and shochet in Galanta, married to her sister, Helen, submitted by their cousin, Emanuel Frieder in 1956Page of Testimony for Malvina's sister, Helen (written here Helene and Helen in the Hebrew), submitted by their cousin, Emanuel Frieder in 1956Page of Testimony submitted by Malvina for her sister Helen in 1981Page of Testimony for Malvina's sister, Zali (here written Sali), submitted by their cousin, Emanuel Frieder in 1956Record at Yad VaShem for Helen's son, Shmuel Weinstein, Malvina's nephew, showing that his final days were in Auschwitz. (I have a record from the ITS that it was Mauthausen.) The record says JUDE (Jew in German), and shows he was the son of Bela and Helena and that he was 19 years oldPage of Testimony for Malvina's uncle Pinchas Frieder - in whose house she lived for 4 years (in her teen years), submitted by his son, Emanuel FriederA Page of Testimony for Pinchas Frieder, Malvina's mother's brother, submitted by an acquaintanceA page of Testimony for the wife of Pinchas Frieder, Rozalin (known by my mother as Shari), submitted by her son, Emanuel FriederPage of Testimony for the wife of Pinchas Frieder, my mother's aunt Sharika, submitted by an acquaintancePage of Testimony of Ethel Frieder Klein, daughter of Pinchas and Shari Frieder, Malvina's cousin, submitted by Ethel's brother, Emanuel Frieder in 1956
Hebrew text of Wily's tape - the best I can do, page 1. He says he was born in Zilina CZ and escaped to Budapest. In 1943, he met Malvinka Grunfeld who was living there with false papers and she was part of their anti-Fascist operation. And she took part in several dangerous actions.Page 2 of Wily's tape - she went to the printing office to get the papers and he watched from nearby the danger she was entering. She went 3 times and each time got 500 papers. He and others stamped, etc. the papers and gave them out. "Kol HaKavod l'Malvinka Grunfeld!" Begins a separate tape. - Page 3, from the separate tape by Wily Salgo - in their small group were others, among them a woman whose real name they would know after the war, and she was Marika Vas, the wife of a Hungarian Minister, Zoltan Vas. I"S" in Hungarian is pronounced "Sh"
Wily Salgo (Shalgo) speaks in Hungarian. I don't speak Hungarian. There is a lot here I do not know (yet) in Hungarian. It's much the same of what he spoke in the Hebrew.. A beginning translation of what Wily said about Malvina. More Hungarian from Wily Salgo about Malvina.
The movie is not going to show what is going on so here is a list of what is going on -- should I be able to get the movie on the website.
I have to figure out how to get the movie here. . .
'46 June - shows Malvina wanted to go to Palestine !'46 May - medical in Europe1947'47 AugustMalvina set sail for America - this is the first page of the Passenger List showing the dates, etc.Malvina on the Passenger List = top row: Gruendfeld Malvina, Cs.Slov (citizen), going to 314 W 94th St, NYC to her sister Sylvia, ticket sponsored by HIAS'47 September'48 February'49 July'50 June
Paperwork filed for Malvina in Europe even after the war:
Lenke, sisterRumi, brother (name above his head) in Tatri Mountains with Yeshiva boysZali, sister, October 17, 1929Lenke's husband, Rabbi Nusen Elias Grunfeld (on left) at a resort.Sylvia, sisterSolku, Zali's son - he was 9 years old in 1942Helen's husband, Bela Weinstein & 4 of their 9 children: Sol, David, Blime and PerelLeft to right: ?, Izak (Irwin), Zali, Rumi. with Helen's baby, Shaul Helen (Malvina's sister) and her beautiful familyHelen and Bela and family. Shmile Weinstein, Helen's sonShauly Weinstein, Helen's sonSalamon Grunfeld, Malvina's father (d. before the war)Malka (Helen's daughter) and other nieces and nephewsMalka Weinstein (Malvina's niece)Malka (Helen's daughter)Malka (Helen's daughter)3 generations - Mali, Malvina's mother seated on the right, Lenke in the back on left, a child of HelenSylvia, Malvina's sisterSylvia, Malvina's sisterSylvia in AmericaZali, Malvina's siterZali Grunfeld, Malvina's sister Galanta, 1926 (letter to Szeren Grunfeld = Sylvia) from Zali, Itzik (Irwin), brother RumiParicov, 1936 Malvina was born in Paricov, and lived there for 10 years before the family moved to TrebisovNovember, 1925Galanta, 1926Isador Frieder, a step-uncleAunt Leni, a step-auntAbraham Family, Malvina's grandmother, aunt and uncle and cousins. The family was taken to Auschwitz and some of the cousins survivedMalvina and her mother in Trebisov. Malvina in Trebisov7th Grade class picture. Malvina is seated on right in light clothes. TrebisovMalvina close up in her class photoBack of school photo, 1927 "From Malvin" "Kisses" Malvina In Prievidza. Line show where she is. Malvin's cousin, Pri, is seated in the center in the second row, with white bow on blousesomething about "kleine Malvinka" -that was Malvina. When she lived in Prievidza, she was called "Kleine Malvinka" because she had an older cousin with the same name.Cantor Bela Weinstein (Helen's husband), on rightBela Weinstein's family. Jindrich (Heinrich) Weinstein and his wife Else (Ester). He survived Auschwitz and other camps and the couple remained in Europe in the Czech Republic. Another brother, Joshua Weinstein, survived the Nazis.From left: Bela's father, Joseph, Joshua (Bela's brother) and his wife, Sarah and an unknown person.Bela Weinstein's brother, Moishe Weinstein from Poprad. I don't know if he survivedBela Weinstein's parents, Joseph and Sarah Weinstein, from Huncovce, Slovakia. They died before the deportations. Bela had 8 or 10 siblings. Some survived the war.Helen and Bela Weinstein's children (Malvina's nieces and nephews)Helen and Bela's beautiful daughters, Rozi and Tubi and the younger Perele, with a friend in the middle, in Galanta. photo dated February 18, 1940Back of previous photo. Udvozlet means regards. Tajrol is landscape, tebi is full "Rozi, Tubi, Perele and a friend, Regards from __(?) Galanta"Malka Weinstein. Back says "Emlekul Malka" "like a souvenir, Malka"Malvina's mother, Mali Frieder Grunfeld, at right, seated next to her sister-in-law, Sharika Frieder. In back, left to right, Malvina's second? cousin from Bratislava, Malvina's sisters, Lenke and HelenBezhi Reicher, Beila Weinstein's niece, through his sister, Jolan and Pinchas Reicher, of Poprad. Bezhi survived the war in EuropeMalvina and her mother. Malvina made her hatRabbi Nusen Elias Grunfeld. He was Chief Rabbi of Brno. He was Malvina's brother-in-law (married to Lenke) and uncleRumi in class photo. Rumi (Malvina's brother), back row, second from leftRumi with boys from Yeshiva (in Galanta?) Rumi recieved rabbinic certification from the Yeshiva. Rumi stands in the back with his name written above his headRumi, on right, person unknown on left, and Gutman from Trebisov in the background, in TrebisovWhite Star line - with date written on front "10 apr 1935" - when Sylvia took a trip from America to Czechoslovakia to visit her family. This was the single trip she took after she emigrated in 1922.Step-cousins, Jack and Rose Weiss return to Europe to visit. From left, Irwin, Zali, Rose, Malvina's mother (Mali), and Malvina. It looks like Irwin has a nice camera. 1930'sMalvina's cousin, Nojach (Ferd:nand) Krauss. He survived the war. His wife and daughter perished. He came to America after the war. In the lower left photo, Irwin and Nojach are in Israel. In lower right, Nojach with Malvina and Max, in NYC. Miriam took the photoNot family. From Trebisov?Sylvia's business card for her Kosher Hungarian Restaurant in PennsylvaniaSylvia in Coney IslandLater in life, Sylvia in Israel
For the Gallery of Photos below:
When you hover over the small thumbnails below you can see who is there. 
My father came to the USA in 1922.  His mother and all his siblings came in the 1920's.  His father had arrived in 1910, and denounced his allegiance to the Russian czar when he became a US citizen.   When my father arrived to these shores, he came from Poland.  Now it is Lithuania.

My father's mother, my grandmother, had a brother in Europe.   He was another victim of the Nazi holocaust. His wife and two children were victims also.   The picture of his wife is in a book by survivor's of my father's town.  And I first saw pictures of Samuel in an exhibit in Israel of that small town, Olkieniki in '07.  These photos were from that exhibit.
Jews from Vilnius vacationing in woods of Olkieniki, Shmuel Ajzikow, 3rd from left, 1927 (title from exhibit in Israel)Teachers and Students at Torat Emet, religious elementary school in Vlina, Shmuel Ajzikow, seated 2nd row from bottom, 3rd from right, principal of the school (title from exhibit in Israel)ped'gogic council of Torat Emet, Shmuel Ajzikow, seated 2nd from left. first seated row (from Israel exhibit)Shmuel & Berta Ajzikow at Farber's marriage (Israel exhibit)Berta Ajzikow, Samuel's wife, and child. Their 2 children perished with them. (photo from "Olkeniki in Flames", ed. Shlomo Farber, 1962)
THE EUROPA PLAN   also called   THE  RABBIS  PLAN
Malvina's first cousin, Rabbi Armin Frieder was part of a group during WWII called the "Working
Group" who had a plan in motion to save all of Slovak's  Jews.